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Candle Smoke (1998)
Comments by the Director of Photography, Peter Gray.
10 February 2002
This is a touching, perhaps universal story, heightened by the fact that it is based on real characters and actual events. The movie examines an essentially loving mother and son relationship, that is troubled by irreconcilable differences. The generation gap in reverse. The ideals of the 1960's verses the stark realities of the 1990's. The adult behaving like the passionate, yet somewhat irresponsible child. And the child trying to be the voice of wisdom and level-headed reason ...... the responsible one.

My approach to the cinematography was more classical in style. I tried to make the contemporary 'reality' of present day Berkeley in California look as real and normal as possible. In turn, this helped in making a contrast to the scenes showing the more fanciful world of the mother's chosen path in life. There were several scenes set in tropical Vietnam, that needed to be shot in semi-arid California. These scenes needed to look real, but also a little surreal at the same time.

To underline the more classical style of the film, I shot with a geared head throughout the production, rather than using the more organic-feeling of a normal fluid head on the tripod. The lighting style tends towards a more neutral or natural look, in an effort to try and capture the feeling of every-day life. I tried to de-glamorize the inherently glossy look that the medium tends to give its subjects. A case where the cinematography needs to look good, yet not draw attention to itself and therefore risk interfering with the story telling or contemporary mood.

The production budget was modest to say the least, although we were surprising well catered for on the equipment side of things. But like all movies, and especially the lower-budget ones, we needed to get the maximum bang-for-the-buck that was possible under the circumstances. The enthusiasm and dedication of the crew helped to make this a successful production, both on screen and off.

Written by Peter Gray, Director of Photography, while shooting in Pusan, Korea, February, 2002.
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The Stream (1994)
Comments by the Director of Photography, Peter Gray.
3 January 2002
LENDING A LITTLE 'SCOPE

Why shoot CinemaScope for a production like THE STREAM? ....comments by the Director of Photography, Peter Gray.

Visually, the film follows a group of war refugees moving across beautiful, yet strangely hostile landscapes. CinemaScope adds a power to these scenes that is difficult to express in words. The format unleashes something deep inside us - something unconscious and intuitive.

Why use black and white? It creates a unique tension between a somber, almost hypnotic mood, which contrasts with a stark reality concealing unthinkable horrors. The feeling is somehow reminiscent of epic east-European cinema, which I think helps to place the story in its proper context. I think no one would deny that it would be another very different film, if it was shot in color. I have perhaps one regret about the decision to shoot black and white. I wonder if color would better remind us that it is all happening right now! It is the 1990's, it is a true story, and it is happening in our back yards. If you dare, you only need to stretch out your hand to touch it.

Modern cinema, almost by definition, seems to demand movement ..... both within the frame (mise en scène), through the frame (editing and rhythm), and of the frame (camera movement). In terms of camera movement, we used a lot of hand-held techniques, including some relatively exaggerated movements. This is perhaps a little unusual in the CinemaScope format, but I think it suits the underlying drama of the film. It feels right for a machine-gun montage of images mixed with heightened sounds to portray civilians making a desperate escape across once familiar surroundings, now turned battle field.

For other scenes, we made use of a dolly on tracks. As it turned out, I was not so happy with this approach. I think steadicam would have lent much more of the right feeling to the film. Out of respect for the story, the film needs to feel very real, immediate, almost documentary, in order to have the proper impact. But what is real after all? It is ironic that the real images of this war, the never ending barrage of television news "pulp", washes over us ineffectually. We need the power of cinema, a conscious manipulation of reality, to glimpse the full horror of the war in Bosnia.

Peter Gray, Amsterdam, December, 1993
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