Marks the first time Sheldon says "bazinga" (often misspelled "buzzinga" in DVD subtitles). Parsons credits former show writer Stephen Engel with inventing the word. It became such a catchphrase on the show that a Brazilian species of orchid bee was later named 'Euglossa bazinga' in its honor, especially since this bee had long-time been confused with the Euglossa ignita, and had thus 'fooled' entomologists for years.
Marks the first time when there is a small glimpse of what Mrs Wolowitz (voiced by Carol Ann Susi) looks like (when Howard (Simon Helberg) holds up his phone to the laptop on which the Koothrappalis skype in from India, there's a thumbnail photo of her on its display.
Sheldon is upset at knowing that something important is on the horizon, but having no clue as to what it might be; comparing himself to a Heisenberg particle. German physicist Werner Heisenberg found that just the act of observing a particle can have an effect on the behavior of that particle. To know how fast something is going, you have to measure it, and measuring it impacts its speed. So you can know WHERE something is, OR how fast it's going, but not both; not without impacting the thing. Or, in considering location and motion, the more you know about ONE element, the LESS you know about the other (ie: Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle).
When Sheldon says "logic dictates," he mimics Spock's words, memorably stated in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982) and the Star Trek (1966) episode The Savage Curtain (1969). Similarly, in episode 1.13, The Bat Jar Conjecture (2008), he purports, "No man should be forced to emblazon his chest with the Bengal tiger, when common sense dictates it should be an army ant."
The title refers to their scientific trip to the far north to find monopoles and prove the validity of string theory.