The title stands for the Women Airforce Service Pilots, a group of women pilots who ferried planes from the home front to the war zone freeing male pilots for combat and more hazardous duty.
A militarization bill attempted to change the WASP status from civilian to military in March of 1944 but was defeated in Congress in June, and by December the program was officially deactivated. The reason was due to political pressures and the increasing availability of male pilots. However, WASP pilots were granted retroactive military status in 1977.
The WASPs do an exercise called Touche Turtle. Touche Turtle was a TV cartoon that wasn't created until 1962, 20 years after this show is set.