When we think of Louis Malle, we usually think of "Atlantic City", "My Dinner with Andre" and "Au revoir, les enfants". An important production of his before those was the 1969 miniseries "L'Inde fantôme" ("Phantom India" in English). Malle and his entourage spent a few months in India filming. The documentary focuses both on the country's culture and politics, with the caste system lording over almost every aspect of daily life.
I suspect that quite a few things in India have changed since the documentary aired, especially with the Hindu nationalists in power. No doubt going there would be a massive culture shock due to the crush of people, and the poverty. In any case, this documentary serves as a good introduction to the world's second-most populous country (or does India now have more people than China?).
To my knowledge, it's not available on any streaming service, so you do actually have to rent it on DVD.