When Shigeru and the scientists are in the cavern looking for traces of the egg Rodan hatched from, he finds a piece of shell and hands it to Kashiwagi. However, the sample in Kashiwagi's lab is much larger than the sample that was taken from the cave.
When Shigeru and Kashiwagi are in the helicopter searching for Rodan, Kashiwagi is wearing a tie and his head isn't bandaged, but when they go to see the planes bombard Rodan's lair Kashiwagi is no longer wearing a tie and the bandage mysteriously reappears. However, the scene of Kashiwagi and Shigeru in the helicopter was actually from later in the picture and was rearranged by the producers of the American version so that it would make it look as if they were starting the search.
When Shigeru, the police and the soldiers descend into the mine to take on the giant insects, half of the soldiers set up defensive positions at the edge of the water. The rest set up further ahead by the coal cars. Yet, when everyone retreats (and before Shigeru releases the other coal cars), the soldiers completely disappear. None are seen again until the search party returns to the lower level to retrieve Goro's body.
During the initial Air Force pursuit of Rodan, Dog Squadron is shown with four planes. Two are destroyed and the remaining pilot reports both wing men down. The fourth jet is never referred to.
K Squadron attacks Rodan with four jets. Two are clearly shown being destroyed by Rodan, yet the lead pilot tells headquarters he's only lost one plane. Indeed, three planes are shown going after Rodan at Sasebo Bridge.
The opening title says "Rodan © COPYRIGHT MCMXXX1V TOHO CO. LTD." This 1956 film was not copyrighted in 1934.
Several times the police go into the mines wearing their soft police caps. However, safety regulations would require everyone entering an active mine to wear hardhats. They would not make an exception for a police or army officer.
In one scene in the control tower at the Japanese AF Base, background footage of planes on the ground can be seen to pause, then run in reverse.
The two shots of the Rodans in their lairs are actually the same shot flipped horizontally.
In the grand finale where the Rodans are killed, a couple of the scenes showing the characters are reversed. The main male and female characters reverse their positions and his pocket is on the other side of his shirt.
Obvious thick wires in a lot of special effect scenes throughout the movie. In some shots, even the connector pieces attaching the wires to Rodan's wings can clearly be seen. These have become one of the most recognized aspects of the film. Some of the wires were edited out in the original American release and later in the 2009 Japanese Blu-Ray version as well, although some wires are still visible.
After the bridge scene, there is a brief shot of the flying Rodan where the monster can be seen casting shadows onto the painted sky background.
In the American version of the film, the commander of the soldiers who arrive in the village to fight the giant insects is referred to by his subordinates as a "Sergeant" in the dialogue. However, he clearly wears the rank insignia of a Major. Additionally, the commanding officer refers to one of his subordinates as a "Corporal" even though the soldier in question is wearing a Lieutenant's insignia on his helmet.
When the man's hat lands in the volcano crater, it hits a rock which rolls over. the hat wouldn't have been have been strong enough or have enough force to move a rock.
In the American version, star Kenji Sahara is misspelled "Kenji Sawara". Also, director Ishirô Honda's name is misspelled as well as "Inoshiro Honda".
In the aftermath of the Rodans' attack, the police inspector comments "They've left two cities burning". Actually, only one city was destroyed. No other cities besides Sasebo (Fukuoka in the Japanese version) are mentioned.