- American poet, appointed U.S. poet laureate in 1987.
- Was nominated for Broadway's 1957 Tony Award for his lyrics, as part of a Best Musical nomination for "Candide."
- He is a poet, teacher, literary translator, and critic.
- He was awarded the American National Medal of the Arts in 1994 by the National Endowment of the Arts in Washington D.C.
- He won the Pulitzer Prize twice for poetry.
- He earned a bachelor's degree at Amherst College in 1942, then enlisted in the Army. He served as a cryptographer in Africa, southern France, and Italy during WWII. After the war, he earned a master's degree from Harvard University, and worked for many years as an English professor.
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