Scrub Me Mama with a Boogie Beat (1941) User Reviews

"And she keeps it nice and soft."

[haildevilman · 6/10 · 28 January 2008]

"Clean Pastures" had racial stereotyping but offset it with an extremely positive message and images.

"Coal Black and De Sebben Dwarfs" had racial stereotyping and a patriotism message. Along with a great beat.

This one was nothing BUT racial stereotyping. Were they men or monkeys? Cotton picking? Constant napping? Everyone's a closet jazz musician? The one attractive woman was almost white. While the others were all fat black "Mammys." And is it just me or did the whole scene resemble a slavery shot?

Lantz was working with the times here. And the music was great. But this one's a little hard to defend. It needs to stay around for learning and enlightenment purposes though. Show people what it used to be like and hope we never get back there.

And I hate to admit it, but I did laugh a few times.

Really don't know what to make of this...

[TheLittleSongbird · 5/10 · 1 January 2015]

Scrub Me Mama With a Boogie Beat has enough redeeming merits that stop it from being terrible or unwatchable, but it is actually very easy to see why many object to it and find it difficult to defend.

Getting onto the good things, the best thing about Scrub Me Mama With a Boogie Beat(and most other Lantz cartoons) is the music which throughout is fantastic, it's so lively and catchy and there isn't one second in the cartoon where you're not tapping your feet or trying to sing along. Also much enjoyable was most of the animation, the backgrounds are smooth-looking and rich in detail while the colours are warm and vivid. Especially good in this regard was the opening with the lush colours, the vivid setting and the way the camera moved. One character engaged and that was the lady reminiscent of Lena Horne, a very sexy and charming character. The cat and dog sequence was hilariously brilliant and there were a few other amusing touches. The voice characterisations are right on point, Mel Blanc voices the most characters but Vivian Dandridge is the real star, she brings such big sultry personality to her singing.

On the other hand, none of the other characters are engaging and are just shallow stereotypes. Stereotypes are not always a bad thing but when they're clichés or done in a negative fashion, like the stereotypes here are, it is. It was a huge turn-off and brought down the cartoon, for all its fine qualities, by quite some degree. It is not just the way they're drawn, which to put it politely is hideously exaggerated(i.e. the big lips) but also, and more so, the way they look, act and are portrayed as lazy and lethargic. It was cartoon racism at its worst and because the funny moments came in spades rather than consistently it was not so easy to excuse it. Speaking as a white person but knows plenty of African-Americans, things like with the pigs tails and watermelons were distastefully offensive. Sure it may have been of the time and Lantz probably did have no intention of offending anybody, but taking that into account and also that the cartoon caused controversy at the time as well when the stereotypes are exaggerated this much that's when it becomes harder to defend. As said previously Scrub Me Mama with a Boogie Beat had some funny moments but despite the lively pace and such the laughs didn't come consistently, and the character designs apart from the lady are done in a rather ugly way, which was a shame after seeing so much care for the rest of the animation.

All in all, didn't really work personally but at the same cannot bring myself to hate it with such vehemence as others have done. Because there were a lot of fine qualities and one big thing that brought things down significantly, so it rates a 5/10, a rating usually meaning average but there have been times where I've used it for stuff "difficult to rate" and that was the case with Scrub Me Mama with a Boogie Beat. Bethany Cox

Not really good, but not for the reasons everyone says

[Horst_In_Translation · 4/10 · 25 February 2018]

"Scrub Me Mama with a Boogie Beat" is an American cartoon from 1941, so this one is over 75 years old already. It runs for the usual 7 minutes and it's a Walter Lantz production that has the iconic Mel Blanc voice all the characters basically. Now would you call any of these 2 fellas a racist? I know I wouldn't, but then I again I have a pretty thick skin when it comes to (alleged) racism. Yes we do have Blacks with big lips here and we have Blacks eating melons here and some other stuff, but to me it is about as offensive as Whites (am I even allowed to write this capitalized?) eating crackers. So yeah, the real reason why I did not like it is because the animation did look fairly medicore, even for the years of World War II and there are many other better looking films out there, most of them by Disney and WB of course. Besides, I found it fairly strange that a mix of African and Caucasian would tell the Africans how to get the groove. And that's not the only flaw in terms of story. Another big problem is that a plot here is almost non-existent to be honest. The music is fine overall, sometimes pretty good, but as this is not the Internet Sound Database, I have to give this little cartoon a thumbs-down overall. Not recommended.

Controversy

[Michael_Elliott · 2 December 2008]

Scrub Me Mama with a Boogie Beat (1941)

*** (out of 4)

Welcome to Lazy Town, home of various lazy black people who sit around sleeping and drawing flies all day or if they do work they work so slowly that nothing gets done. All of this is about to change when a sexy, big breasted woman from Harlem shows up to teach everyone what rhythm is. As you can tell, there's certainly a reason this cartoon, from the same man who would later bring us Woody Woodpecker, has been taken out of circulation. Once again it's rather shocking at how over the top this thing is in its stereotypes of black people. A lot of movies from this era feature negative portraits of black but this thing here is just so incredibly over the top that it comes off rather shocking. We have big lips, watermelon and that's just the start. The one thing that stuck out to me, like Warner's Coal Black and De Sebbin Dwarfs, is the sexuality behind the main female character. She's constantly swinging herself in a sexual way and her breasts are always shaking. Due to the Hayes Code this type of sexuality was never seen except in these racial shorts. What makes this film worth watching outside the history lesson is the music, which is downright terrific. The movie is certainly going back to the swinging jazz of the 20's and makes it worth watching.

Who's lazy now?

[robcat2075 · 3/10 · 19 July 2015]

Much is written about the talent and time that go into making a cartoon like this as if to validate its status as a piece of movie history.

But really... who is lazier, the fictional Negroes in the cartoon or the real-life writers, animators and director who are so lacking in originality that they are recycling 30, 40, 50... 100 year old jokes and insults just to get seven minutes of running time?

Even in 1941 when this was released this was stale stuff, already beaten to death a hundred times over in films, theater and commercial art.

I'm sure the artists involved would claim they didn't have "a racist bone in their body". They seem to also be lacking the bones for basic observational skills. There are a thousand and one way to draw or caricature a black person and yet that one black-face stereotype is what they keep pulling out of their ass as if that were the only option.

The hipster girl that gets off the steamboat is one small deviation from that formula but she's practically white. It's like they couldn't reconcile dark skin with non-stereotypical behavior.

All in all, a rather sorry outing for the Lantz Studio who had quite a few sorry outings in their run.

So BAD idea

[loay_76 · 1/10 · 6 October 2007]

1st of all I have to admit that I love Walter Lantz's cartunes which I used to watch them in my childhood, I also love Lantz and his funny and premiere ideas.

But I really hated this cartune, it shows a strong racist attitudes towards the black people .. It shows them as a bunch of lazy, half and slow-wits, and ugly creatures, A really negative and naive fun making of them.

The story in brief is that a small dirty town in the south of the states called "Lazy Town" has all its inhabitants of black people in a soo lazy and sleepy state, of course, the black people of the town are shown in ugly forms as if they are not humans at all and similar to dirty monkeys .. The train stops in this town for an hour rest for dinner, A gorgeous white girl goes down from the train and as the passed into the "Lazy town", as if a magical effect - obviously she magic and charm of her white skin!! - made all the people of the town active and awake, The girl went to a traditional black maid and asked her if it is possible to wash her clothes, the maid looked not understanding and replied in an awful manly huskily voice that she don't know what does the lady mean. Here the girl stated to sing and to show her what does she want. All the village started to sing with the girl and walk after her .. all the village became happy and singing until the girl went back to the train ..

Of course - in our mean time - this is shameful and unacceptable to introduce such cartoon. which makes gaps and cracks between the whites and blacks in any nation. but this was a normal attitude especially in the United states at that time (The 40's of the 20th century) which was still the age of European colonies and the imperialistic greed of the white man. the age of the big shameful European lie called "The white man burden", the age of slavery and the division between people according to their colors, nations and religions, it's funny that the United states ignores these facts but the fact as it's historically known: The united states was the most rough country in dealing with the blacks, this shameful attitude of the whites in America and the government itself continued until the 70th of the 20th century, while there was no such attitudes in the middle east or Asia. really it's funny to know that the legendary heavy weight boxer Mohamed Ali clay (Cassius Marcellus Clay) has thrown his gold medal which he had achieved in the Olympics in Rome 1960 after as a yelling of the racist attitudes in USA, This is Mohamed Ali the champion of the American nation, what about the normal blacks .. really it's not possible to think how much pain and sorrows they faced in USA !!

Nowadays, Thanks god, we don't have such racist attitudes - at least toward the black people - the racism was still running by the Eurepean government in South Africa until very recently and is still running till now in some countries like Israel ..

• anymore This hard criticism doesn't mean that Walter Lantz is bad, he's still one of the greatest premiere cartoon producers in all times. but it was the common idea of his era to make fun of the blacks. yellows and reds.

I really hope that as the racist attitude toward the blacks has stopped, all other types of racist in our modern era of freedom to stop especially from the governments of USA and Europe *** Lo'ay

This short made me want to go out and start a race riot!!

[planktonrules · 1/10 · 1 November 2008]

As a history teacher and lover of films, I occasionally like watching cartoons that have been banned, as they tell us a lot about our society and how far we have come over the years. What was perfectly acceptable decades ago is now, in some cases, seen as gross and inappropriate. Occasionally, these cartoons which have been removed from screening aren't particularly offensive but often, as in the case of this cartoon, they are so god-awful it's hard to imagine that people would have laughed at and enjoyed these films! Thirteen of these cartoons have been packaged together on a DVD entitled "Cartoon Crazys: Banned and Censored" and while the print quality of many of the cartoons is less than stellar, it's a great chance to see how sensibilities have changed.

Okay, we've gotten to the most amazing film in the DVD set. Without much doubt, SCRUB ME MAMA is the most offensive cartoon ever made--and even makes COAL BLACK AND DE SEBBIN Dwarfs look like a film endorsed by the NAACP!!!! It was so bad it made me wonder why the film didn't provoke race riots (I sure felt like hurting some White folks--and I am White!).

So what's so bad about the film? Well, just about every negative stereotype about Blacks is included. As the film begins, most of them are just lying around sleeping as you hear Steven Foster's "Swanee River". Almost all the Black people have huge lips and many look as if they are mentally retarded. And, to top it all off, they of course are eating watermelon!! Aye, aye, aye!! Gross, disgusting and offensive--yet also not at all funny or worth seeing unless you are a sociologist or history teacher or are very, very curious. What I also find amazing is that this film actually has a very high rating AND positive reviews!! God help us!

great animated musical short marred by racial grotesqueries

[Kieran_Kenney · 7/10 · 6 June 2003]

There's a huge amout of racial slur underscoring this otherwise brilliant and lively toe-tapper of a film. I liked it, quite frankly, and it's definately not as offending as it could be. All of the watermelon and pig-tail stuff, however, is definately in poor taste. Films like this aught to be examined more, rather than just brushed under the rug and their images and messages denied as having existed. Hopefully, people will see the value of probing these sorts of films. A great musical score, excelant vocalization, brilliantly colourful animation and gorgeously vivid background settings are this strange little movie's highlights.

The song slaps but the short is a slap in the face

[LadyDerpyCritic · 4/10 · 27 September 2021]

It was the 1940s, what do you expect? Cartoons and art back in the time were portraying races based on how their actions and appearances, especially appearances were! But did they have to really look like that?! No! It was offensive, yes and I really did not enjoy the visuals. By visuals I mean how the characters were drawn and the animation. I will admit, seeing every stereotype in this cartoon will either give you a chuckle or just make you want to throw your computer mouse at the screen in rage. So this cartoon isn't for the sensitive types. I will point out that the quality during the time looked choppy and lazy. To be fairly honest, did this cartoon need to be made?! It was a big "F" you to the audience.

Though, the only thing I found enjoyable in this cartoon was the song "Scrub me Mama with a Boogie Beat" performed by The Andrew Sisters and the orchestra has amazing rhythm conducted by Will Bradley.

Good animation, avoidable racist background that reproduces sereotypes

[guisreis · 7/10 · 23 March 2022]

I watched this film by curiousity, as I am interested in how politics (in broad sense) appears in films, and this is often claimed to be the most racist cartoon ever. I may say it is obviously racist as the story happens in a place named Lazytown where all citizens are both black and lazy, and it is a longstanding prejudice and stereotype relating blacks and laziness in the United States. However, besides animation work being excellent, the story brings nothing else that can be offensive; the very same story would not be problematic if characters were replaced by ones whose ethnicity could not be identified or by, let us say, anthropomorphic animals, as is so recurrent in animated movies. Anyway, it is indeed not possible to ignore that the racial issue is present here, and no complimment may be done without a warning. Characters are also related to manual work, which is improved after the arrival of the beautiful "mamma"; relating specifically black people with manual work is an additional element of racism in the short film.

If for no other reason, watch this for the music

[llltdesq · 8/10 · 22 September 2002]

I can readily understand why this one is not being broadcast. However, it should still be available regardless of the objectionable content. I still contend (and likely will to my last breath) that anyone over the age of 14 who allows their sensibilities to be damaged to any great degree by a cartoon has much more serious problems to contend with. Last time I looked, there were situations and realities in the world far more dangerous and harmful than drawings made on a series of cels more than 60 years ago. I don't like or agree with a lot of what I see here and elsewhere, but no cartoon (or movie, song, book, et cetera) can hurt me without my consent. That is something I choose, not a long dead producer. I save that concern for things that matter a bit more. The music in this short is excellent, as is often the case with shorts produced by Lantz. The material is a bit coarse in spots, but this is worth watching. Recommended.

Hit-larious... don't watch if you're too much of a sissy

[ironhawk2000 · 10/10 · 2 March 2006]

Yes, it's racist. Yes, it portrays stereotypes ridiculously over the top.Yes, the blacks portrayed within look like monkeys and talk as though their tongues have been injected with novacaine. And YES, it's incredibly funny and entertaining.

Loony Toons over their history has portrayed MANY ethnic stereotypes from Amerindian sidekicks with feathers in their hair, drunk Irishmen, lascivious Arabs, angry Nazi Germans, and slit-eyed Chinamen the only stereotype that DOESN'T get exploited is the Jewish one (and I think we know why). And yet, this one gets singled out.

Well, regardless, Scrub Me Mama is a piece of history that hearkens back to a time when blacks were regarded as inferior but potentially lovable... kind of like monkeys. Obviously this notion is outdated and silly, but that's just how it was back then - people also wore hats and said words like "swell". If you've got a strong stomach for shock and a twisted sense of humor, you'll nearly fall out of your chair when the first black appears on screen with his lips wider than his mouth, black dog-nose, and low, sloping brow. It truly is ridiculous, and that's WHY it's funny.

Then the young vixen comes on screen and in a complete reversal of stereotypes is portrayed as attractive and completely un-ape-like. How to make sense of that one is anyone's guess except that she represents the cultured black woman rather than the lazy rural ones of Lazy Town. What follows is pure goofiness as the blacks go from acting like lazy monkeys to monkeys on crack and a tune catchier than most out there.

So, this cartoon will most definitely not advance any civil rights causes, but most good cartoons are indeed offensive, as South Park and Beavis and Butt-Head prove. While some offend with scatology, some with sexuality, this cartoon seeks to offend with racism. Is racism right? Of course not. No more right than sexual deviance and scatophilia. But the drawing of stereotypes to their most extreme ends can be uncomfortably hilarious to those who are not so delicate as to run off crying at the slightest violation of their narrow-minded sensibilities.

If I were one of them, their portrayals of Italians as mustachioed perverts would send me through the roof.

It's about as funny as 'Birth of a Nation"

[icarress · 10/10 · 23 November 2006]

IT's racist and vile. Nice reminder. Keep it circulating, lest we forget. The Black people are drawn to look like monkeys. The women are pure mammies. The one attractive woman is about 10 shades lighter than the other Blacks. A lot closer to the White norm.

Racism and scatologia are two very different things. Racism is about life, and necessarily has a 'victim'. Scatalogia is a deviant taste, fetish, gross subject and is victimless - until people start throwing poop at innocent bystanders.

These events and this ideology isn't far removed from us (me). These ideas were prevalent in my father's time, all my aunts and uncles, my grandparents. The people who maintained this way of thinking didn't just disappear when Black folks moved from the back of the bus. Therefore, this video is offensive, and my 'sensibilities' aren't narrow. The history of the world and especially of America demands my awareness.

Cartoon short becomes hate crime

[nigel-18854 · 9/10 · 8 October 2019]

A lively score, matched to a saucy and humorous narrative, an unassuming yet charming cartoon short, what could possibly go wrong? Yep Scrub me Mama... is not just an above average cartoon of it's era, it's one of the best, it's for this reason it received a whole lot of attention. Unfortunately a lot of that attention was from a people, some of them quite earnest in their conviction, that this cartoon was a source of unmitigated evil.

Racism, the violence, the misery and destruction that flow from its propagation are not to be taken lightly so it's not unreasonable for people, reasonable people that is, to act with a certain caution when they're informed that something is racist. It's also prudent to be aware of apologists seeking to justify something that supports their own malice. So when faced with an entity like the continuum between Scrub me Mama and its reputation, and the dichotomy that, that represents, I find myself posing a number of questions.

Q. Is Scrub me Mama... intrinsically racist?

A. Probably not.

Q. Were those who made it racist?

A. Probably yes.

Q. Is it harmful?

A. Depends...

To expand on those answers, I don't believe anyone making the film set out to denigrate and humiliate anyone of any particular race. We might find the caricatures offensive or not, but such interpretation is culturally derived, if we're taught or conditioned to believe something is offensive it become offensive. And that reaction is real, yes there might be a certain degree of feigned injury from some but on the whole, those who take offense are genuine about their feelings. Likewise, the gleefulness from those who see a portrayal that they perceive to support their own prejudice, is also genuine.

I get fed up with arguing about my second answer, yes people who inhabit a racist context are racist, it's inescapable I'm afraid. No it's not a matter of choice but then again it doesn't mean you're irredeemable either, it just means that you largely reflect the attitudes and beliefs inherent to your social context. Then again though, there are remarkable individuals who swim against the tide. The bad news being, the overwhelming likelihood is that you're not one of them but you wouldn't want to be, those people generally don't have a good time.

So is it harmful? Well that -depends- don't it, in a mature enlightened context it's as innocent as a slice of jam sponge. In a divide society, riven with injustice and ignorance, it could be thoroughly toxic.

My feeling is that the controversy surrounding this short film is mostly counter productive and worse, it's self perpetuating. The greater the outrage expressed, the greater the abhorrence at its portrayals becomes. That's a problem for one particular reason, it puts caricatures of particular races beyond the pale, in other words, puts them beyond the bounds of social acceptance, and that's when they can become weapons. From there one of two consequences are likely to follow, either an aura of otherness is generated about those deemed untouchable through caricature or, all caricature become unacceptable. I don't think either of those are particularly happy outcomes because A: I'm rather fond of Dick Van Dyke's cockney sparrow and B: trust me, otherness is just not a good idea.

Hateful and Hurtful, But Musically Entertaining...

[cartoonjoe · 7 February 2005]

Ordinarilly, cartoons from this vintage that contain these minstrel-show derived caricatures don't really offend me that much, as all the studios at that time did them (Fleisher, Warner, heck, Van Beuren even had an "Amos 'n' Andy" series)...But "Scrub Me Mama With a Boogie Beat"...

That one hurt.

I've never, in all my life, seen a film which literally REVELS in its xenophobia...all the men are depicted as sub-human apes with black animal-type noses and huge, floppy lips (or, more accurately, a simianesque muzzle), and the women are variations of the old "Mammy" stereotype (with the exception of the High-yalla Sista from Harlem and the trio of shapely washerwomen with the see-thru skirts...one of the few good things about this cartoon.) The only true positive in this cartoon (aside from the shapely washerwomen triplets) is Darrell Calker's driving musical score, proving once and for all the adage about music and the "savage" breast. The instrumental portion of the film alone makes up for its hurtful images...but not by much.

Walter Lantz has often said that his musical films "never offended or degraded the (sic) colored race", and, indeed, most of the films he produced following this one (particularly "Boogie-Woogie Bugel Boy of Company B") are pretty decent in terms of music and character design (no better or worse than Warner's concurrent "Coal Black and de Sebben Drawfs"), but "Scrub me Mama With A Boogie Beat" undermines its vibrant musicality (and, admittedly, its very funny gags...the cat and dog sequence is a hoot!) with its hateful and hurtful depictions of African Americans.

"Rubly-ub-dub!"

[Foreverisacastironmess123 · 8/10 · 18 August 2016]

Oh dear, just what the hell did they go and do when they concocted this beauty?! I haven't seen every short ever but I'm pretty sure you'd be hard pressed to find much of anything ever so blatantly and obnoxiously in your face with its outdated depictions of bad stereotypes and attitudes as this lively little short which once played, really can't be ignored until it's over and you can pick your jaw up off the floor! I mean hell, yeesh, the black people are designed in such unlovable rubbery caricature fashions that they barely appear human, their ridiculously-oversized red lips and gloved hands and big feet making them look more like unfunny circus clowns.. I don't know though, I personally enjoy this cartoon a lot for what it is, I find it catchy, hilarious and entertaining, but I don't enjoy it for the slurs against people, I like it for its great swinging rhythm and how once the song begins everything in the short moves and doesn't stop until the end, and I laugh at the big 'ol fat mamas in their bloomers and the little girl with the deep baritone, that kind of thing, I ain't condoning, it's just awfully bawdy and outrageous! So if I'm even permitted to have such an opinion without myself being condemned, no I'm not all up in umbrage and disturbed over this bombastic animation at all. I think the whole notion of cartoon racism has always been vastly overblown. I never saw the short yet where the people of colour were villainous. You only generally ever get people up in arms over these kinds of old cartoons, but what about Speedy Gonzales or Pepe Le Pew? They're hardly sterling representations of their proud heritages either! What nonsense - replace them all with poor white hillbillies and see who'd be throwing the race card around then. Nobody, that's who. Gee I really hope that all of the above doesn't make me sound like some kind of petty ignorant person, I never claimed to be able to express myself as eloquently as other reviewers seem to do so easily, but knowing myself I'm pretty sure I'd feel the same way about this silly and too toonish to be possibly taken seriously short cartoon even if I were a black me.. I've always took people as I've found them and treated them like they have me. All I'm saying is, we're all just assholes in the same toilet that is this planet and the sooner we learn that, the better. Backwards as heck as this is, I honestly think there's a worthwhile short with catchy and amazing music to be enjoyed if you can get by the extreme racial stereotypes, and I enjoyed it as just another bizarre and entertaining archaic animated gem of yesteryear.

Incredibly racist, but....

[Ddey65 · 14 June 2000]

There is no doubt that this rarely seen Walter Lantz Cartoon is one of the most racist cartoon shorts of the early 20th Century, rivaling the "Little Black Sambo," serials, and Warner Bros.' "Inki and the Mynah Bird." Every ethnic stereotype of the period is here, except little black kids being swallowed by alligators. But the most shocking aspect of this cartoon, was that it was an HOMAGE to black culture in America, rather than an attempt to slander it! By today's standards, or for that matter the standards of anytime after 1954, this would disgust anyone who knew that the man who created the loveable Woody Woodpecker, would stoop to such bad taste, and yet he and the rest of the crew saw this cartoon as praising African-Americans, rather than insulting them. Would I recommend that you see it? After finding out about this tidbit, I'm not so sure.

Hidden gem

[smirnov_nikita · 10/10 · 13 February 2021]

Real beautiful cartoon. If you want to know how it's look like to be in the ghetto - watch this cartoon!

How racist can one cartoon get?

[karlasmith · 10 January 2004]

Very! This was the most offensive cartoon short I have ever viewed. Nearly every racial stereotype of Blacks described by Donald Bogle (Uncle Tom, Mammy, Coon, Pickaninny and High Yellow Vixen) were characterized here. It's disgusting that anyone would take the time to animate such boarish and unattractive caricatures of people.

A Gem

[arfdawg-1 · 10/10 · 18 January 2020]

Lazytown is where the populations lays around all day. Until a super hot mulatto (hotter than Jessica Rabbit) shows up and turns the place upside down.

All bets are off once she starts sashaying at cleavage and booty.

I'm assuming these type of cartoons never played in Harlem, but many they be good.

Made in the 40's this also represents some of the last good animation to come out of Hollywood before turning everything over to outsourcing Asia for 60 years

What the...

[topclaw · 29 December 2003]

I managed to obtain this racist gem on a very cheap DVD in a bargain store, it is very racist and stereotypical. But hey, while this crap wouldn't pass off now, this was made in the forties when African-Americans sat at the back of busses. Several of the women sound like men and the bald guy who plays the piano solo oddly looks like a monkey.

Anyhow, it's only mildly racist and won't make anyone particually upset. If you can obtain it and are prepared to part with seven minutes of your time- I suggest it for some stereotypical entertainment.