When leaving the apartment, Officer Hackett refers to the other officer as Bochco. Steven Bochco is well known for creating police shows such as NYPD Blue (1993) and Hill Street Blues (1981)
The movie Star Trek: First Contact (1996) established Bozeman, Montana as the site of first contact between Vulcans and humans. Given Sheldon's fascination for Star Trek in general and Mr. Spock in particular, this look like an obvious choice for his relocation.
Sheldon's journal and the way it's written is reminiscent of the journal of the Watchmen character Rorschach, who in the comic writes in a manner similar to Sheldon.
Just before Sheldon arrives in Bozeman, there is one of those inserts showing atoms. One of the orbiting electrons approaches the camera and it can be seen that it shows a map of the United States, in reference to the map that Sheldon has just been using to choose his destination.
Even though Sheldon was willing to let Raj go from his official circle of friends in The Friendship Algorithm (2009), this episode reveals that it is Howard whom he sees as more of a "treasured acquaintance" than a "close friend".