Adam (Joseph Gordon-Levitt) is based on screenwriter Will Reiser, who was diagnosed with cancer, and later recovered. Seth Rogen (Kyle) helped Reiser cope with his disease, and convinced him to write a screenplay during their early twenties together.
Seth Rogen's wife, Lauren, plays Bodie, the woman walking the bulldog that Adam and Kyle speak with while walking Skeletor.
Joseph Gordon-Levitt actually shaved his head during filming. He and Seth Rogen were improvising in character while the cameras kept rolling, since the scene was not in the script.
James McAvoy was cast as Adam, but had to drop out due to personal conflicts. Joseph Gordon-Levitt replaced him after being called by Seth Rogen less than a week before shooting was scheduled to start. He accepted the role just two days before.
Seth Rogen says he was actually on the toilet when Will Reiser told him he had cancer. As funny as the two of them thought this was, it was deemed too disgusting for the film.