The film was a minor success when it was originally released. It became a well-known cult film in 1989 when it was included in the Metallica video "One" (1989). Eventually, the band bought the rights to the film so they could keep showing their music video (and using clips in live performances) without having to pay royalties.
At a very early stage, Dalton Trumbo considered Steve Martin for the role of Joe Bonham. Martin was dating Trumbo's daughter at the time.
Metallica used this story as the basis for their song One, appearing on the 1988 release '...And Justice For All'. The official promotional video also contained several clips from the original movie. The band has also integrated clips into their live performances of the song.
The Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited Johnny Got His Gun as one of his favorite films.