Zodiac (2007)
Trivia
Though Callahan's Diner was a set built for the film, the Callahan's Diner logo and window script is identical to that used by Callahan's Diner at 1213 Wilshire Boulevard in Santa Monica, California. It's quite likely that members of the cast and/or crew of the film were familiar with the Santa Monica restaurant and used it as an art model for the San Francisco locale. The "Dirty Harry" reference inherent in the diner's name may simply be an added plus.
The murder victims' costumes were meticulously recreated from forensic evidence that was lent to the production.
Because he wanted the film to be as accurate as possible, David Fincher decided not to depict any of the alleged Zodiac murders for which there were no surviving victims or witnesses.
The shooting script was 200 pages long. To prevent any problems with length that such a long script might cause, director David Fincher decided to ask his cast members to speak faster.
The producers hired a private investigator to track down the real-life Zodiac survivor, Mike Mageau.
When Mark Ruffalo met David Toschi, the investigator he plays in the film, he was very impressed to learn that Toschi had perfect recall of every detail of every case.
Trees had to be helicoptered in to the Lake Berryessa location, as the area had changed substantially since 1969, and David Fincher wanted it to resemble the murder site as closely as possible.
Robert Graysmith and Paul Avery were not actually friends. Their relationship is fictionalized for the film.
The Zodiac's first confirmed attack - the murders on Lake Herman Road - was excluded from the film, since there were no surviving victims to corroborate details. The creators thus decided to open the film with the 4th of July murders, considered to be the Zodiac's second double murders.
Hair was digitally added to the close-ups of Jake Gyllenhaal's knuckles as he draws or holds letters. David Fincher felt that Gyllenhaal's hands "were too hairless and pretty".
The hardest code to crack, known as Code 340, was seemingly finally solved by cryptographer(s) on Dec 5, 2020, after some 51 years of fame as one of the most difficult ciphers. It was discovered that some letters in the alphabet were never used in the deciphered message (j, q, x, y, z), that eight letters were represented by a single symbol, and that the others were represented by between two and ten symbols; a few of which were the actual letter. The message reads (including misspellings): "I hope you are having lots of fun in trying to catch me / That wasn't me on the TV show / Which brings up a point about me / I am not afraid of the gas chamber / Because it will send me to paradice all the sooner / Because I now have enough slaves to work for me / Where everyone else has nothing when they reach paradice / So they are afraid of death / I am not araid because I know that my new life is life will be an easy on in paradice death."
David Fincher, screenwriter James Vanderbilt, and producer Bradley J. Fischer spent 18 months conducting research into the Zodiac murders. They interviewed witnesses, family members, suspects, retired and active investigators, the only two surviving victims, and the mayors of San Francisco and Vallejo.
Dermot Mulroney had to wear a fat suit for his few short scenes, because David Fincher felt he was in far too good shape for his character.
In one of the Zodiac's letters, he muses on who would portray him in a film about him. In this film, he is portrayed by three separate actors, and in any shot featuring the Zodiac, the actor's faces are always out of focus or obscured. This served to keep the audience guessing, and perhaps as a balk to the actual Zodiac killer, so that he wouldn't be portrayed by a visible, or famous actor.
David Fincher was always first choice to direct, based on his work on Seven (1995).
Jake Gyllenhaal shares one of the film's creepiest scenes with Charles Fleischer. In real life, the two have known each other since Gyllenhaal was three years old.
Nancy Slover, the Vallejo operator who took the first Zodiac call, was asked to help provide voice direction by selecting an audio recording of readings by various, unidentified actors. After selecting the recording that sounded closest to Zodiac, it was revealed that she'd selected a reading by John Carroll Lynch who plays prime suspect, Arthur Leigh Allen.
In order to save time, David Fincher decided to digitally add all the blood in the murder scenes.
George Lucas gave an interview to Empire magazine once stating that the Zodiac murders captured his imagination at the time as a high schooler and then college student at USC, and he always felt like Toschi was harshly judged for how the investigation was handled. He explained this is why he named a location on Tatooine Tosche Station, in honor of the SFPD inspector.
Jake Gyllenhaal was David Fincher's first choice for the role of Robert Graysmith. Had Gyllenhaal turned the role down, Fincher's second choice would have been Orlando Bloom.
Initially David Fincher wanted to cast Brad Pitt as Avery, before he settled on Robert Downey, Jr.
Toschi spends the whole film mooching food - animal crackers, sandwiches - from those around him. When Graysmith presents the solution at the diner in the film's climax, Toschi pays for both their meals.
Robert Downey Jr. was so unaccustomed to the experience of both David Fincher's multiple takes, and the process of filming digitally, that he rebelled against Fincher for "having no time to get my shit together in my trailer" by hiding mason jars full of his urine on set. Downey finally acquiesced to Fincher's demands, recalling, "I just decided, aside from several times I wanted to garrote him, that I was going to give him what he wanted. I think I'm a perfect person to work for him, because I understand gulags."
David Fincher recalled how, as a child, he came home from school one day after noting how a police car had been following his bus. His father matter-of-factly replied "Oh yeah. There's a serial killer who's killed four or five people, who calls himself Zodiac, who's threatened to take a high-powered rifle and shoot out the tires of a school bus and then shoot the children as they come off the bus".
(At around one hour and thirty-five minutes) Scenes of Dave Toschi and Robert Graysmith watching Dirty Harry (1971) were filmed inside the Mann National Theatre in Westwood, California. The garish color schemes of the movie theater were not added by the art department. The very retro interiors of the theater had remained unchanged since 1969, when the National was first built. Interestingly, this film played at the Mann National Theatre in mid March of 2007. Thus, actual moviegoers watched celluloid moviegoers occupying their seats, on the National's trademark large screen. The theater has since been torn down.
Anthony Edwards was cast as Armstrong because David Fincher wanted him to be played by a thoroughly decent person. Fincher already knew him, not so much from his work on ER (1994), but because he was a neighbor.
Jake Gyllenhaal was a little mystified when David Fincher gave him a doll and an old-fashioned diaper as preparation for his role as a young father.
The cab scene on Washington and Cherry Streets in San Francisco could not be entirely shot in San Francisco due to filming restrictions and the opposition of the neighborhood residents. So the production constructed a set replicating the intersection, including the street, apartments, and crime scene at Downey Studios, just outside of Los Angeles. Backdrops of San Francisco were digitally inserted to complete the scene. Only a few seconds of actual footage shot in the original crime scene location remains in the film.
In the film, Graysmith mentions Toschi wears his gun like Bullitt. Avery replies that Bullitt got it from Toschi, who was the inspiration for Steve McQueen's performance in Bullitt (1968).
In real life, Melvin Belli never touched the Zodiac letter mailed to him.
South Korean film director Bong Joon Ho has classified David Fincher's film as a "masterpiece," writing that "There was really nothing to find fault with about it, down to the cinematography, art direction, and action."
In multiple scenes throughout the film's soundtrack, a lone trumpet is frequently heard playing a four-note motif, and is an homage to a piece by American composer Charles Ives, aptly entitled "The Unanswered Question".
Talks with Sony fell through when the studio insisted that the film should not be any longer than two hours and fifteen minutes. Warner Bros. and Paramount agreed to share the production costs, even though a "talky" film with an inconclusive ending was a tough sell.
The scene where Jake Gyllenhaal elicits information from Mark Ruffalo outside at night, with the former showing up with his baby in a stroller, was complicated by the fact that Gyllenhaal was extremely ill with flu at the time and didn't want to shoot the scene. David Fincher insisted that he do it as they only had the location for one night.
Invariably for location shots, it was cheaper to digitally erase satellite dishes, rather than physically taking them down.
The 110-day shoot included five weeks in the San Francisco Bay area. The film was brought in under budget.
Jake Gyllenhaal and Mark Ruffalo were cast in part thanks to Jennifer Aniston. Director David Fincher was in the pre-production stages of the film when he asked her who some of her favorite co-stars were. She replied with Gyllenhaal and Ruffalo, who she had previously worked with on The Good Girl (2002) and Rumor Has It... (2005).
Although the film was shot digitally, certain segments, mainly those in slow motion, had to be shot on film.
This film pays homage to Dirty Harry (1971), whose foe, Scorpio, was based on the Zodiac murderer. Another fictional policeman also encountered a foe called Scorpio around this time. In the Robert Graysmith book, they note that around the time of the Zodiac murders, the police investigated a possible connection to the Dick Tracy comic strip, as Dick Tracy faced a Zodiac-themed gang directed by a mastermind called Scorpio.
When David Fincher's planned adaptation of "The Black Dahlia" fell through, he was given James Vanderbilt's one hundred fifty-eight page screenplay.
As Robert Graysmith drives his son to school, the broadcaster on his car radio makes a reference to the then-forthcoming free concert by The Rolling Stones at the Altamont Speedway. It was Melvin Belli's recommendation to the Rolling Stones to hold this particular concert.
(At around one hour and twenty-eight minutes) A time lapse shot shows the completion of the Transamerica Pyramid in 1972. At the time, it was one of the five tallest buildings in the world.
David Fincher was particularly keen on having David Shire provide the music for the film, as he had done so effectively on All the President's Men (1976). His sound editor, Ren Klyce, got in touch with the legendary Walter Murch, who had worked on The Conversation (1974) with Shire, who in turn contacted Shire.
Shane Salerno optioned the Robert Graysmith book "Zodiac" when he was just nineteen years old, and developed it with Graysmith for several years, before selling it to Disney's Touchstone Pictures in a seven-figure deal. Salerno wrote several drafts of the screenplay before multiple administration changes at Touchstone derailed the project.
Similarly to Director David Fincher's previous film Se7en, a suspect is tracked by using library records of books checked out (or missing in the case of Zodiac) that are relevant to the killer's writings.
The U.S. Blu-ray released by Paramount Home Video had a very limited run. For a while, the Blu-ray became one of the rarest on the market; fetching prices close to one hundred dollars from second-hand online retailers, until Warner Home Video acquired the Paramount catalogue in 2012, and re-released it the following year.
Over the years, changes have been made to Blue Rock Springs, so the murders committed there had to be recreated at a different location, that looked more like the park did in 1969.
Insp Dave Toschi refers to Robert Graysmith as Dirty Harry. This is a nod to the real life Insp Dave Toschi who influenced the personal style of Clint Eastwood's character Harry Callahan in Dirty Harry.
(At around twenty-four minutes) The phone number 626-2345, displayed on the Yellow Cab in the film, was the actual phone number for the Yellow Cab Company in San Francisco. By the time that the film was released, the number had been changed.
(At around forty-four minutes) Television host Jim Dunbar mentions Melvin Belli's appearance on Star Trek (1966) in the A.M. San Francisco scene. Belli guest-starred in Star Trek: And the Children Shall Lead (1968), which first aired on October 11, 1968.
Variety reported on July 6, 2005, that Gary Oldman had signed to portray attorney Melvin Belli in this film, and a later story in the Hollywood Reporter stated that he had done so. On February 14, 2006, Gary Oldman's management company, The Douglas Management Group, issued a statement that the Hollywood Reporter story was not true, and that "Mr. Oldman is not in the film, and never was." However, in an interview on March 2, 2007, with Cinematical, the "Zodiac" author Robert Graysmith stated, "Now we had Gary Oldman at one point, to play Melvin Belli. He went to a lot of trouble, they had appliances, but just physically it wasn't going to work, he just didn't have the girth."
Screenwriter James Vanderbilt had read Robert Graysmith's book in 1986 while in high school, and had met the man at the premiere of Auto Focus (2002).
(At around one hour and forty-five minutes) In the restaurant scene, where Robert Graysmith is treating David Toschi to a hamburger, Toschi chews the hamburger for some time before spitting the chewed food into a napkin. The reason for this was because Mark Ruffalo, who played Toschi, is a vegetarian and refuses to consume meat. (However, one hour and twenty minutes into the movie, Toschi cadges half of his partner's BLT and then removes the tomato from it before eating it, rather than removing the bacon.)
The Warner Bros. and Paramount logos used at the start of the film are almost identical to the ones used by the respective studios in 1969, but not completely. In the case of Warner Bros., their 1969 releases did not use their classic shield as depicted here, but instead carried a "Warner Bros.-Seven Arts" logo, used when the studio had merged with Ray Stark and Eliot Hyman's production company, Seven Arts. As for the Paramount logo, where it would have read "A Gulf+Western company" in 1969, it now reads "A Viacom Company", reflecting the new ownership.
Although Toschi and Armstrong are San Francisco Police Department Inspectors, their actual responsibilities are identical to those of detectives in other municipal police organizations. The San Francisco Police Department calls their detectives "inspectors". (Which anyone who has ever seen a police drama set in San Francisco knows.)
Daniel Craig was first choice for Paul Avery.
After Zodiac's bus threat is released to the public, Robert is discussing "The Water Theory" in regards to how Zodiac chooses his victims (Lake Berryessa, Blue Rock Springs, Washington and Cherry.) The film's palette makes the color blue very prevalent in most of the scenes. Some examples include: Zodiac's letters are written in blue ink. The first is read by the Editor, who is wearing a blue shirt. When reading the decoded cipher, thus introducing Avery and Graysmith to each other, they are both wearing blue shirts. Robert is wearing a blue shirt in every scene he's in. In Morti's, Graysmith introduces to Paul Avery a blue drink called an Aqua Velva. In the following shot, with the multiple empty glasses, the song "Crystal Blue Persuasion" by Tommy James & The Shondells plays. Melvin Belli's suit is navy blue, with a light blue shirt. The woman who pulls over to help a Zodiac victim is wearing a blue jacket. Dave Toschi's suit is light blue when reading Zodiac's Halloween card. Paul Avery's shirt on the airplane is blue. Arthur Leigh Allen's work coveralls are dark blue, Armstrong & Toschi are also wearing blue suits in this scene. When Robert is on the phone, while his kids are going over his files, the shirt he wears, and the phone are blue.
Near the end of the film there is a rack filled with Graysmith's book titled 'Zodiac'. This is the real book published by Graysmith about his search for the Zodiac that is available for purchase.
(At around forty-three minutes) In the newsroom scene, the theme music is that used by National Nine News (Australia) in the 80s and 90s.
At the beginning of the film the time on the clock tower reads 8:20. Later it's revealed the word "Zodiac" and The Killers crosshair symbol appear in a watch advert- the time reading 8:20.
In the real investigation, on October 6, 1969, Arthur Leigh Allen was interviewed by detective John Lynch of the Vallejo Police Department. In the movie, Arthur Leigh Allen is played by John Carroll Lynch.
Philip Baker Hall (Sherwood Morrill) appeared in another film based on the killings, The Zodiac (2005).
The two leads, Jake Gyllenhaal and Mark Ruffalo, don't share a scene until thirty-two minutes and thirty-seven seconds into the film.
In the flyover shot of the early construction of the Transamerica Pyramid, the "box" foundation is completely devoid of any piles or columns. Unlike most conventional high-rise foundations, the Pyramid was uniquely constructed without any piles driven into the bedrock. The weight of the building actually rests on trusses at the first two levels, and the trusses rest on top of this "box".
(At around fourteen minutes) The bar Paul Avery frequents in the film is called Morti's. Mortis is Latin for death.
Near the end of the film there is a rack filled with Graysmith's book titled 'Zodiac'. This is the real book published by Robert Graysmith about his search for the Zodiac killer.
Chosen by "Les Cahiers du cinéma" (France) as one of the 10 best pictures of 2007 (#5, tied with La France (2007)).
In the film when the suspected killer, Arthur Leigh Allen, is brought in for questioning, a title appears on screen: SEPT. 14, 1972. After he is released on lack of evidence, Inspector David Toschi attends a SPECIAL SCREENING - SFPD on a marquee of the NORTH POINT THEATER which is a screening of DIRTY HARRY. DIRTY HARRY was released on Dec. 22, 1971. In reality, a gala world premiere benefit performance was held for the San Francisco Police Activities League, most likely a few days before the Dec. 22 opening.
The KYA radio station jingle can be heard in the opening scene. KYA began broadcasting in 1926 in San Francisco, and had adopted a Top 40 format by the film's time frame.
survivor Mike Mageau identifies Zodiac suspect Arthur Leigh Allen from a photo lineup. The lineup includes a photo of actor Bob Stephenson, who actually plays one of the three Zodiacs in the film.
(At around one hour and thirty-five minutes) Captain Lee tells Toschi to take some time off and "go to Candlestick". Candlestick Park was the home of the San Francisco Giants from its construction in 1960 to 2000, the San Francisco 49ers from 1971 to 2013, and the Oakland Raiders in 1961. In 2014, the 49ers moved to their new home at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara and Candlestick Park was demolished in 2015.
Mark Ruffalo's character, Dave Toschi, eats animal crackers throughout the film. Ruffalo is a vegetarian in real life (during the diner scene, he's actually seen spitting out a bite of his burger into a napkin because he refused to swallow it). As such, these crackers are the only "animals" Ruffalo actually eats.
Toschi flies to Riverside on PSA (Pacific Southwest Airlines). PSA was one of the first large discount airlines, operating from 1949 to 1988 when it was integrated into USAir. It is not related to Southwest Airlines.
The film cast includes four Oscar nominees: Jake Gyllenhaal, Mark Ruffalo, Robert Downey Jr., and Chloë Sevigny.
Clint Eastwood refused permission for any of his scenes from Dirty Harry (1971) to be used for the screening that Graysmith and Toschi attend. David Fincher told Total Film: "He didn't want to be in a serial killer movie. I guess he's done enough of them."
Two of the lead actors, Mark Ruffalo and Robert Downey, Jr., co-starred in the Marvel Cinematic Universe as The Hulk and Iron Man respectively. Jake Gyllenhaal also starred in Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019), set in the same universe.
Near the end of the film at 2:29 when Robert (Jake Gyllenhaal) meets Leigh (John Carroll Lynch) at the hardware store, the movie shows the date December 20 1983. However, Leigh is looking at a calendar of February 1980.
Clea DuVall previously starred in Helter Skelter (2004). Both films are about murders which took place in California in 1969.
Toschi's wife says she is putting on "the Folgers". The previous month the heiress of the Folgers coffee fortune, Abigail Folger, was killed in the home of Sharon Tate; a victim in the Manson mass murders.
Cameo
Bryan C. Hartnell: the real-life survivor of the Lake Berryessa attack appears as an extra alongside his wife in the background of the scene where Marty Lee suggests to David Toschi that he take some time off work.
Ione Skye: as Kathleen Johns, the female driver who was abducted by a man (whom she would later identify as the Zodiac based on the composite sketch for the man wanted for the killing of Paul Stine) who threatens to kill her and her baby.
Spoilers
The only real comment that Robert Graysmith said about the finished screenplay was, "God, now I see why my wife divorced me."
Paul Avery did not withdraw from working at the San Francisco Chronicle to a life of reclusive obscurity as the film suggests. In the mid-1970s, he reported on the kidnapping of Patricia Hearst and turned his reports into a book: "The Voices of Guns" (1976). He was also married with two daughters, a fact which was only briefly mentioned in the film.
The song that plays at the end of the movie over the credits, "Hurdy Gurdy Man" was written and recorded by Scottish performer Donovan. His real-life daughter, Ione Skye, played a role as a Zodiac victim who is picked up after her tire falls off the vehicle that she was driving. She was not killed after jumping out of the car with her baby.
December 18th, the birthday of Arthur Leigh Allen is also the birthday of David Fincher's friend and frequent star in his movies, Brad Pitt, and other famous people, like Steven Spielberg, Ray Liotta, and Katie Holmes.
The Zodiac called attorney Melvin Belli the week before Christmas and told him he had to kill because "today is my birthday". After discovering Arthur Leigh Allen's birthday was December 18, Robert Graysmith concluded Allen was the Zodiac. Jake Gyllenhaal who plays Graysmith in the film Zodiac was born December 19.
