Undercover, Booth and Bones' names are Buck and Wanda just like two previous episodes Double Trouble in the Panhandle (2009) as a couple doing a knife throwing act in a circus and The Change in the Game (2011) as a couple in a bowling league. And in episodes: The Woman in the Sand (2006) and The Cheat in the Retreat (2013) they played Tony and Roxy Scallion, another married couple. This is the first episode they are undercover as strangers.
The set used during the western contest was also the set for another famous "western theme" TV show from the 1990's, that show being Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman (1993)
Andy Milder plays a minor antagonist to Booth's undercover character, saying "Highwayman? Guess that makes you and me natural enemies." Milder previously appeared in S6 E20 as a different character, a belligerent/hostile clown, a natural enemy for someone that hates clowns like Booth does.
Hodgins' statement that black powder is rare is not true. There is a thriving community of black powder shooting enthusiasts.