Cadillac Records (2008)

Director:

Darnell Martin

Writer (WGA):

Darnell Martin (written by)

Release Date:

5 December 2008 (USA)

Genre:

Biography | Drama | History | Music | Romance

Tagline:

If you take the ride, you must pay the price.

Plot:

Chronicles the rise of Chess Records and its recording artists.

Plot Keywords:

1950s | Sex | Billboard Magazine | Southern Accent | Bathtub

Awards:

Nominated for Golden Globe. Another 4 wins & 17 nominations

Cast

Joshua Alscher	...	Mick Jagger
Tim Bellow	...	Man in the Caddy (as Timothy Bellow)
Tony Bentley	...	Lomax
Tammy Blanchard	...	Isabelle Allen
Eric Bogosian	...	Alan Freed
Marc Bonan	...	Keith Richards
Adrien Brody	...	Leonard Chess
Cedric the Entertainer	...	Willie Dixon
Emmanuelle Chriqui	...	Revetta Chess
Douglas Crosby	...	Policeman (Little Walter beating)
Dexter Darden	...	Geneva's Teenage Son
Veronika Dash	...	Blonde Girl
Sean Shyboy Davis	...	Toothless Hillbilly Little Walter (as Sean Davis)
Eshaya Draper	...	Charles Waters
Shiloh Fernandez	...	Phil Chess
Jill Flint	...	Shelly Feder
Erik Frandsen	...	Engineer - Present Day
Gano Grills	...	Slick Pimp
Suzette Gunn	...	Minnie Ripperton (as Suzette Azariah Gunn)
Jordan Haynes	...	Pot Strong (as Jordan C. Haynes)
William Hill	...	Policeman (with the Stones)
Mike Hodge	...	Bartender
Tyler Humphrey	...	Muddy - Age 6
Osas Ighodaro	...	Maid
Kevin Jackson	...	Mysterious Black Man
Albert Jones	...	Hubert Sumlin
Beyoncé Knowles	...	Etta James
Rayan Lawrence	...	Harmonica Player
Chyna Layne	...	Pot's Girlfriend Juanita
Kevin Mambo	...	Jimmy Rogers
Mos Def	...	Chuck Berry
Aaron Munoz	...	Manager
Wade Mylius	...	Bouncer
Rebecca Pappa	...	Another Blonde
Jonathan Earl Peck	...	Man Who Rolled 7 (as Jonathan Peck)
Q-Tip	...	Hip Hop Artist
Ginnie Randall	...	Muddy's Grandmother
Ashlee Ray	...	Muddy's Floozy #1
Norman Reedus	...	Chess Engineer
Jake Robards	...	Producer - Present Day
Jay O. Sanders	...	Mr. Feder
Columbus Short	...	Little Walter
Samuel Smith	...	Guitarist
Valence Thomas	...	James Cotton
Gabrielle Union	...	Geneva Wade
Carmen Ziina Vasquez	...	Muddy's Floozy #2
Eamonn Walker	...	Howlin' Wolf
Isiah Whitlock Jr.	...	Mississippi DJ
Jeffrey Wright	...	Muddy Waters
rest of cast listed alphabetically:
Angelina Aucello	...	Teenybopper (uncredited)
Lawrence P. Beron	...	Overseer (uncredited)
Ryan Curtis	...	Picnic Boyfriend (uncredited)
Vincent D'Onofrio	...	Mississippi DJ (uncredited) (unconfirmed)
Seth Donavan	...	Chuck Berry Concert Goer (uncredited)
John Farrer	...	Violinist - Etta's Recording Group (uncredited)
Doug W. Goldman	...	Trumpet - Etta's Recording Group (uncredited)
Evan Hart	...	Young Lover (uncredited)
Vianca Johnson	...	Field Worker (uncredited)
Malikha Mallette	...	Little Walter's Girlfriend (uncredited)
Cerrone may	...	Muddy's Band Member (uncredited)
Natasha Ononogbo	...	Muddy Waters' Girlfriend (uncredited)
Catherine Pierce	...	Shocked Bystander (uncredited)
Elvis Presley	...	Himself (archive footage) (uncredited)
Stephen Seidel	...	Officer Brown (uncredited)
Derrick Simmons	...	Dice Player (uncredited)

Directed by
Darnell Martin

Writing credits (WGA)
Darnell Martin		(written by)

Produced by
Scott Cameron	....	co-producer
Petra Hoebel	....	co-producer
Beyoncé Knowles	....	executive producer
Andrew Lack	....	producer
Marc Levin	....	executive producer
Sofia Sondervan	....	producer

Original Music by
Terence Blanchard

Cinematography by
Anastas N. Michos		(director of photography) (as Anastas Michos)

Film Editing by
Peter C. Frank

Casting by
Kim Hardin		(as Kimberly R. Hardin)

Production Design by
Linda Burton

Art Direction by
Nicolas Locke		(as Nicholas Locke)

Set Decoration by
Deborah Greene
David Schlesinger
Carrie Stewart

Costume Design by
Johnetta Boone

Makeup Department
Barry Berger	....	additional makeup artist
Nikki I Brown	....	assistant makeup: Louisiana (as Nikki Brown)
Marjorie Durand	....	department head makeup
Kimberly Kimble	....	hair stylist: Beyoncé Knowles
Erwin H. Kupitz	....	wig maker (as Erwin Kupitz)
Tarsha Marshall	....	hair stylist
Jeffrey Rebelo	....	department head hair
Barbara Roman	....	hair stylist
Vincent Schicchi	....	special effects makeup
Tomasina Smith	....	additional makeup artist
Francesca Tolot	....	makeup artist: Beyoncé Knowles (as Francesca Tolot Marchio)
Nicole Tucker	....	key hair stylist
Tony Ward	....	assistant hair: Louisiana
Tobe West	....	key makeup assistant
Colleen Wheeler	....	background hair supervisor
Louie Zakarian	....	special effects makeup designer
Christine Domaniecki	....	makeup artist (uncredited)

Production Management
Petra Hoebel	....	unit production manager
Christopher Kenneally	....	post-production supervisor (as Chris Kenneally)
Oak Porcelli	....	production supervisor: Louisiana
Melissa Roberts	....	production supervisor: Louisiana
Andrew Saxe	....	assistant production manager

Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Scott August	....	second assistant director: Louisiana
Seth Hansen	....	second second assistant director: Louisiana
Tony Phillippe	....	second assistant director
Gary S. Rake	....	second assistant director
Maurice Sessoms	....	second second assistant director
Jonathan Starch	....	first assistant director
Rebecca Strickland	....	first assistant director: Louisiana

Art Department
Jose Amor	....	carpenter
Maureen Angelos	....	scenic shopman (as Maureen 'Moe' Angelos)
Paul Blanchard	....	assistant props: Louisiana
Gary Boesch	....	carpenter
Andrew W. Bofinger	....	on-set dresser: Louisiana (as Andrew Bofinger)
Krzysztof J. Bratun	....	scenic foreman
Eric Breaux	....	set dresser: Louisiana
Leni Calas	....	property master
Gabu Camilo	....	third prop (as Gabriel 'Gabu' Camilo Silva Dalglish)
Monique Champagne	....	set decorator: Louisiana
John J. Ciccimarro	....	key carpenter (as John Ciccimarro)
Kaem Coughlin	....	camera scenic
Jim 'Bear' Davies	....	set dresser
Frank DeCurtis Jr.	....	set dresser
Frank DeCurtis	....	set dresser (as Frank DeCurtis Sr.)
Peter DeCurtis	....	leadman
Thomas A. Delillo	....	leadman (as Tom Delillo)
Mandie DeMeskey	....	assistant property master
Emily Gaunt	....	charge scenic
Jon Graubarth	....	property master: Louisiana
William Groom	....	scenic artist (as William A. Groom)
David Jennings	....	scenic shopman
Steve Jones	....	construction coordinator: Louisiana
Michael Kall	....	foreman carpenter (as Mike Kall)
Jon Kim	....	props
Beth Kuhn	....	scenic artist
Eric Kutner	....	shop electric
Matthew Milstein	....	additional props
Scotty Morris	....	leadman: Louisiana
Kate Noll	....	art department production assistant
Kevin C. Reidy	....	key construction grip (as Kevin Reidy)
Pierre Rovira	....	construction coordinator
Luigi Scarcella-Perino	....	storyboard artist
Lee Shevett	....	best boy construction grip
Rodney Sterbenz	....	on-set dresser
Patrick Taistra	....	construction grip (as Pat Taistra)
Will Watkins	....	art department coordinator (as William H. Watkins)
Emily Whitaker	....	set dresser: Louisiana
Denis Zack	....	set dresser
Will Zinser	....	art department assistant: Louisiana

Sound Department
David Briggs	....	adr editor
David Briggs	....	dialogue editor
Jim Caruana	....	sound engineer
Rachel Chancey	....	foley supervisor
Stuart Deutsch	....	sound mixer
Mark Filip	....	sound effects editor
Lewis Goldstein	....	sound re-recording mixer
Lewis Goldstein	....	supervising sound editor
Richard Kamerman	....	sound intern
Allen Lau	....	assistant sound editor
B.J. Lehn	....	sound mixer: Louisiana (as BJ Lehn)
Nathan Lindsey	....	adr recordist
Teferra McKenzie	....	boom operator
Cate Montana	....	adr editor
Cate Montana	....	dialogue editor
James Nichols	....	sound consultant: Dolby
Bill Orrico	....	assistant sound editor (as Billy Orrico)
David Pastecchi	....	cable utility
Jeff Pinkus	....	boom operator: Louisiana
Jeff Pullman	....	sound mixer (as Jeffrey Pullman)
Tom Ryan	....	apprentice sound editor

Special Effects by
Drew Jiritano	....	special effects coordinator
Ken Speed	....	special effects coordinator: Louisiana

Visual Effects by
Jennifer Basnyat	....	additional effects
Christopher Bremble	....	representative: Base FX (as Chris Bremble)
Molle DeBartolo	....	digital intermediate coordinator
Robert Lopuski	....	visual effects supervisor
Tom Mayclim	....	scanner/recorder
Nick Paulozza	....	scanner/recorder
Felix Xu	....	visual effects artist
Mark A. Kolars	....	on-set supervisor (uncredited)

Stunts
Bobby Beckles	....	stunt performer
Bob Colletti	....	stunt performer
Blaise Corrigan	....	stunt coordinator
Blaise Corrigan	....	stunt performer
Hugues Faustin	....	stunt performer
Jalil Jay Lynch	....	stunt performer
Samantha MacIvor	....	stunt performer
Naomi Peters	....	stunt performer
Stephen A. Pope	....	stunt coordinator (as Stephen Pope)
Jeremy Sample	....	stunt performer
Keith Siglinger	....	stunt performer

Camera and Electrical Department
Omeed Badkoobeh	....	camera production assistant: Louisiana
Daniel Beaman	....	dolly grip: "a" camera (as Dan Beaman)
Ruark Behan	....	grip
Zachary Bookout	....	grip: Louisiana (as Zach Bookout)
Danny Brazen	....	key grip: Louisiana
Craig Carter	....	dolly grip: Louisiana
Daniel Casey	....	second assistant camera: "b" camera (as Dan Casey)
Radium Cheung	....	gaffer
Kathleen Corgan	....	first assistant camera: "b" camera (as Kath Corgan)
Bryan Delorenzo	....	first assistant camera: "b" camera, Louisiana
Patrick Ebanks	....	grip: Louisiana
Robert Foster	....	camera operator: Louisiana (as Bob Foster)
Chris Frumkes	....	lamp operator
Craig Paul Harris	....	lamp operator
Michael J. Kammerer	....	dolly grip: "b" camera (as Mike Kammerer)
Reid Kelly	....	grip
Sal Lanza	....	key grip
Eric Liebowitz	....	still photographer
SiddeeQah Na'Imah Malik	....	camera production assistant (as Siddeeqah 'Naimah' Malik)
Derek J. Manganelli	....	film loader (as Derek Manganelli)
Gerard Martin	....	film loader: Louisiana
Jim Mayo	....	second crane operator: Louisiana
Mike Montgomery	....	grip
Charlie Nauman	....	second assistant camera: "b" camera, Louisiana
Ed Nessen	....	first assistant camera: "a" camera, Louisiana
John Oliveira	....	grip
Michael P. Prisco Jr.	....	best boy electric (as Michael Prisco Jr.)
Gay E. Riedel	....	lamp operator
Thomas Ryan	....	grip
Chris Scarfi	....	genny operator
Mark Schmidt	....	camera operator
Wayne Sharp	....	best boy grip: Louisiana
Pierson Silver	....	second assistant camera: "a" camera
Shawn Stone	....	grip: Louisiana
Barry Strickland	....	electric: Louisiana
Jeff Taylor	....	second assistant camera: "a" camera, Louisiana
Greg Travis	....	gaffer: Louisiana (as Travis Travis)
Shawna Travis	....	electric: Louisiana
Art Villasenor	....	lead crane operator: Louisiana
Earl Woods	....	best boy electric: Louisiana (as Earl Woods Jr.)
Thomas Yostpille	....	best boy grip (as Tom Yostpille)

Casting Department
Michelle Adams	....	casting assistant
Cicero Salmon III	....	casting intern
Monique Link	....	background casting associate (as Monique 'Mo' Link)
Winsome Sinclair	....	background casting

Costume and Wardrobe Department
Arlynn Abseck	....	key set costumer
Alex Bovaird	....	costume coordinator
John Corbo	....	key set costumer
Mary Gierczak	....	seamstress
Eileen Goh	....	set costumer
Kirsten Mogg	....	costumer
Olivia Mori	....	assistant costume designer
Lauren Press	....	assistant costume designer
Brenda Rousseau	....	seamstress
Elisa Santiago	....	set costumer
Liz Staub	....	costume supervisor: Louisiana
Wendy Talley	....	set costumer: Louisiana
Elaine Varnes	....	key costumer: Louisiana
Deirdre N. Williams	....	costume supervisor (as Deirdre Williams)

Editorial Department
Mitchell Ferm	....	digital intermediate producer
Joe Gawler	....	senior digital intermediate colorist
Chris Gennarelli	....	colorist: dailies
Saar Klein	....	additional editor
Jack Lewars	....	digital intermediate assistant colorist
Chris MacKenzie	....	digital intermediate opticals
Patrick McGuinn	....	project manager
Jacob Robinson	....	digital intermediate editor
Jackeline Tejada	....	assistant editor
Joe Violante	....	dailies advisor

Music Department
Vincent Bennett	....	session assistant
Terence Blanchard	....	conductor
Terence Blanchard	....	musician: trumpet, piano and synths
Terence Blanchard	....	orchestrator
Chris Bubacz	....	studio manager
Robin Burgess	....	session coordinator
John Carbonara	....	music editor
Marshall Chess	....	executive music producer
Howard Drossin	....	orchestrator
Derrick Hodge	....	musician: upright bass
Jef Lee Johnson	....	musician: electric and acoustic guitar
Steve Jordan	....	composer: additional score
Steve Jordan	....	composer: additional songs
Steve Jordan	....	music producer
Ryan Kelly	....	assistant music engineer
Grégoire Maret	....	musician: harmonica (as Gregoire Maret)
Anders Osborne	....	guitar instructor: Louisiana
Beth Rosenblatt	....	music supervisor (as Beth Amy Rosenblatt)
Kendrick Scott	....	musician: drums
Bill Sims Jr.	....	guitar instructor
Angie Teo	....	assistant music engineer
Kim Wilson	....	composer: additional score
Kim Wilson	....	composer: additional songs
Brice Winston	....	musician: saxophone
Frank Wolf	....	score mixer

Transportation Department
Larry Arceneaux	....	transportation department: Louisiana
Henry S. Avelin	....	transportation captain (as Henry Avelin)
Tom Breheany	....	driver
Richard Burch	....	transportation department: Louisiana
Matthew Callagy	....	driver (as Matt Callagy)
Walker 'Butch' Chaney	....	transportation department: Louisiana
John Coffey	....	driver
Ricky Damazio	....	transportation coordinator: Louisiana
Billy Featherstone	....	driver (as Bill Featherstone)
Ray Fennell	....	driver
Donald Fernicola	....	driver (as Don Fernicola)
Paul Forste	....	driver
Monica W. Fuller	....	driver: Louisiana (as Monica Williamson)
Kevin Grzan	....	driver
Gerald Hardy	....	transportation department: Louisiana (as Gerald 'Slick' Hardy)
Michael Iriarte	....	driver (as Mike Iriarte)
Steve Johnson	....	transportation department: Louisiana
D.J. Junot	....	driver (as DJ Junot)
Dennis Kelly	....	transportation co-captain
John Kelly	....	driver (as John T. Kelly)
David Laurentin	....	assistant parking coordinator
Al Lopez	....	transportation department: Louisiana
Sonny Messina	....	transportation department: Louisiana (as Salvador A. Messina 'Sonny')
George Mills	....	transportation department: Louisiana
Willie D. Partin	....	driver
Glenn D. Phillips	....	transportation department: Louisiana
Bryan Place	....	driver
Jim Robin	....	transportation department: Louisiana
Joe Sargo	....	picture car coordinator
Joseph Scarpone	....	driver (as Joe Scarpone)
Kenny Swanson	....	driver (as Ken Swanson)
José Tejada	....	parking coordinator (as Jose Tejada)
Gary Valovich	....	driver (as Gary Vlaovich)
Brian Walker	....	driver

Other crew
Clay Achee	....	production assistant: Louisiana
Md. Moinuddin Ali	....	additional production assistant (as Md Ali)
Mac Alsfeld	....	cast assistant: Louisiana
Brian Anderson	....	caterer: Louisiana
Adam Babin	....	production assistant: Louisiana
Waleed Bedour	....	intern
Caroline Berberich	....	intern
Jason Block	....	post-production accountant
Carla Borras	....	assistant: Adrien Brody (as Carolina Magdalena Borras)
Casey Bundick	....	craft service: Louisiana
Chris Collins	....	production coordinator
Benton Collinsworth	....	production assistant: Louisiana (as Ben Collinsworth)
Mona Coulter	....	travel agent
Greg Cuozzo	....	caterer
Mark Doyle	....	account representative
Cord Dueppe	....	office production assistant
Joe Facey	....	key craft service
Lisa Falzarano	....	set production assistant (as Lisa R. Falzarano)
Nicole Feder	....	assistant: Darnell Martin
Kerin Ferallo	....	production coordinator
Peter Fikaris	....	jet advisor
Alex Finch	....	set production assistant
Rosa Garces	....	payroll clerk
Jennifer Gaston-Gates	....	first assistant accountant (as Jennifer M. Gates)
Kenneth Gifford	....	production assistant
Orit Greenberg	....	location scout
Matt Grimm	....	assistant: Sofia Sondervan
Duck Grossberg	....	data manager
Chris Hadlock	....	production coordinator: Louisiana
Micah Haley	....	cast assistant: Louisiana
Kristina Hall	....	intern
Otis Harris	....	craft service assistant
Tal Harris	....	intern
Melissa Kalbfus	....	script supervisor
Richard Keeshan	....	assistant production coordinator (as Richard P. Keeshan)
Mary Knauf	....	set production assistant
Becky Korman	....	intern
Ronnie Kupferwasser	....	location manager
Gabrielle Lasting	....	production secretary
Ben Ledoux	....	assistant location manager: Louisiana
Robert Lopuski	....	title designer: main titles
Neia Mack	....	intern
Margie Mazzei	....	medic
LeRoy McCarthy	....	assistant location manager
James McGuinness	....	unit production assistant
Susan Muir	....	completion bond
Andrew Mukuria	....	set production assistant
Alison Norod	....	set production assistant (as Ali Norod)
Brendan O'Rourke	....	assistant location manager
Sandy Parker	....	script supervisor: Louisiana
Johnnie Ruth Richey	....	production secretary: Louisiana
Janice Roland	....	unit publicity
Patrick Russell	....	production executive
Paula Schmidt	....	completion bond
Stephen Seidel	....	stand-in: Adrien Brody
Joe Sevey	....	location scout
Eric Sizemore	....	production assistant: Louisiana
Patti Small	....	production controller
Lora Sorrentino	....	set production assistant
Emily Spivack	....	intern
Desiree Stevenson	....	production assistant: Louisiana
Nicole Stoll	....	fitting coordinator
Edmund Tomaselli	....	medic (as Edmund Tomaselli Jr.)
Lourdes Torres	....	intern
Shannon Treusch	....	unit publicity
Denise Violante	....	intern
Angela Webster	....	assistant: Andrew Lack
Robert Whitfield	....	payroll accountant
Kim Wigger	....	location assistant
Brian Wiggins	....	additional production assistant
R. Bryan Wright	....	location manager: Louisiana (as Bryan Wright)
Chris Zrada	....	additional production assistant
April Freeman	....	consultant: product placement (uncredited)
Malik Parker	....	production assistant (uncredited)

Thanks
Michael Allenby	....	special thanks
Steve Berkowitz	....	special thanks
Roger Blanc	....	special thanks
Marie Dixon	....	special thanks
Troy Germano	....	special thanks
Randy Gerston	....	special thanks
Steven Gorelick	....	special thanks (as Steve Gorelick)
Etta James	....	special thanks
Jennifer Justice	....	special thanks
Mathew Knowles	....	special thanks
Jeff Koenig	....	special thanks
Toni Ann Mamary	....	special thanks
Tino Passante	....	special thanks
Roman Polanski	....	special thanks
Andrew Ross	....	special thanks
David W. Schoner Jr.	....	special thanks (as David Schoner)
Emmanuelle Seigner	....	special thanks
Artie Smith	....	special thanks
Andy Taub	....	special thanks
Susan Taub	....	special thanks
Michael Tedesco	....	special thanks
James M. Waugh	....	special thanks

Production Companies

• LightWave Entertainment (Louisiana Unit)
• Parkwood Pictures
• Sony Music Film

Distributors

• Sony Pictures Entertainment (2009) (Japan) (theatrical)
• Sony Pictures Releasing (2009) (Spain) (theatrical)
• Sony Pictures Releasing (2009) (UK) (theatrical)
• TriStar Pictures (2008) (USA) (theatrical)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (Belgium) (DVD)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (Belgium) (DVD) (Blu-ray)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (Germany) (DVD)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (Netherlands) (DVD)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (Netherlands) (DVD) (Blu-ray)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (USA) (DVD)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2009) (USA) (DVD) (Blu-ray)
• Sony Pictures Releasing (2009) (Argentina) (all media)

Special Effects

• Base FX (visual effects)

Other Companies

• Caballero Casting  casting: location
• Chapman/Leonard Studio Equipment  camera dollies
• Columbia Records  soundtrack
• Comp Edge Media  product placement consulting (as April Freeman)
• DitlevFilms  end title sequence
• Film Finances  completion guarantor
• Helen Uffner Vintage Clothing  special thanks (vintage clothing rentals)
• Hollywood Trucks  entertainment transportation
• Music World Music  soundtrack
• Sony Pictures Stock Footage  stock footage

Also Known As:

MPAA:

Rated R for pervasive language and some sexuality

Runtime:

109 min

Country:

USA

Language:

English

Color:

Color

Aspect Ratio:

2.35 : 1

Sound Mix:

Dolby Digital

Certification:

USA:R (certificate #44889) | UK:15 | Ireland:15A | Singapore:M18 | Sweden:11 | Japan:PG-12 | Netherlands:16 | Australia:M | Argentina:13

Filming Locations:

Louisiana, USA

Company:

LightWave Entertainment

Trivia:

Leonard Chess' brother, Philip, was his partner in both the night club and Chess Records. However, Philip is never mentioned throughout the film, and only appears in Chess Record scenes.

Goofs:

Anachronisms: The opening scenes, set in 1941-47, include many cars from 1953-56.

Quotes:

Etta James:Don't be looking at me like I ain't got no draws on.

Movie Connections:

References "New American Bandstand 1965" (1952)

Soundtrack:

Forty Days and Forty Nights

Absolutely inaccurate

As a piece of entertainment this movie may be OK. But why take REAL names of REAL people (some of them fortunately are still living) to tell a story which, for the most part, is completely inaccurate. IMDb reviewer Davo Sambo has rightly pointed out the most blatant inaccuracies that this film carries. But as I have seen and met most of the artists involved in the plot (and for some of them - like Muddy who went dining at my home in Lyon (France) - I've had the fortune to know them personally) what worries me the most is that their personnality are also very inaccurate. For instance, Muddy who had an incredible charisma is portrayed here essentially as a very tepid character who thinks mostly to chase women. And Howlin' Wolf - a tough man certainly but a very bright and articulate one - is here portrayed as the terrorizing Wolf he PLAYED on stage and never out stage. The true story of the Chess saga (and the Chicago blues) is yet to be told properly