The resettlement of the Chinese villagers depicted in the film was part of an ongoing program called the Briggs' Plan named after its developer General Sir Harold Briggs.
The British High Commissioner of Malaya in 1953 (when the film was set) was General (later Field Marshall) Sir Gerald Templer. The character of Trumphey more closely resembles the next British High Commissioner of Malaya Sir Donald Charles MacGillivray.
Near the start of the movie, Ferris is allowed to pass through a Malayan People's Liberation Army road ambush. The insurgents are Malay not Chinese as indicated by their conversation - "Jangan tembak. Nanti." -Don't shoot. Wait.
The character of Ferris is partially based on John Davis, a former SOE officer who worked with Chin Peng during the war. In 1955, he was sent by the government to bring Chin Peng out of the jungle and escort him to Baling for a peace conference.
The character Dhana is described as half-Vietnamese, half-French yet her name is not Vietnamese (or French). It is a Hindi name meaning "wealthy". This might mean Dhana is actually half-Cham. Many of the Cham people of Vietnam are Shaivite Hindus.
The character of Dhana is based in part on the writer Han Suyin, an Eurasian physician who lived in Malaya during the Emergency. Her husband at the time, Leon F. Comber, was acting Assistant Commissioner of Police - Malayan Special Branch. Her works of fiction include "Love is a Many-Splendored Thing" (later made into a movie starring William Holden) and "And the Rain My Drink" an autobiographical novel of her experiences in Malaya in the early 1950s.
The actor who plays the Japanese commander at the surrender ceremony was R. William Koh, a Chinese businessman who was a member of the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army during WWII.
In one scene filmed on the Genting Sempah highway, the MNLA ambush a rubber planter played by Maurice Denham. His car, an Aston Martin saloon, flies over a cliff and explodes in mid-air. Originally, the car was to blow up on impact with the ground but the explosives detonated early. As it was too expensive to film again, the scene stayed in the movie.
During location shooting in the Malaysian jungle, William Holden was bitten by a python. Since pythons are non-venomous, his wound was treated and he continued filming the movie.
During a forced break in filming due to heavy rains, a Malay Bomoh, or shaman, was hired to predict when the rains would cease. His prediction was spot on and filming resumed.
Filming was delayed when actual squatters took up residence in the Chinese squatter village set. After their removal, filming resumed and the Chinese squatters stayed to watch. When the village is torched, crying and wailing can be heard. This wasn't from the Malay extras but from the real squatters who just lost their new home.
Because the UK government deemed the script to be prejudicial to British interests, it refused to cooperate. Therefore, all British troops were portrayed by Australian troops who were, at the time, running operations along the Malaysian-Thai border.
The character Ferris is partially based on Frederick Spencer Chapman, a British officer and explorer, who worked behind enemy lines in Malaya during WWII. He later wrote of his experiences in his book "The Jungle is Neutral".
Certain aspects of the character Ferris are based on a rubber planter by the name of Haddon-Cave. His was the only rubber plantation to escape terrorist attack in Malaya. Haddon-Cave was suspected of collusion with the MNLA by General Templer. When Templer investigated, he found the actual reason for the planter's immunity from attacks was, as Haddon-Cave put it, "we have the best damned security perimeter in the country". Templer was forced to agree.
The author, Michael Keon, during his stay in Malaya, met with three communist MPLA members. One he referred to as Ng, a pseudonym. This person bears a strong resemblance to Ng, the character in the novel and the movie.
Michael Keon, the author of the book the movie is based on, was the former brother-in-law of Ferdinand Marcos, former president of the Philippines. He was also reportedly a personal friend of Mao Tse Tung.
The general plot of "The 7th Dawn" is very close to a UK serial "A Place of Execution". The book "The 7th Dawn" is based on is "The Durian Tree". In this novel a durian tree is to be the place of execution of Candace Trumphey.