In the church scene - the first scene of the movie to be shot - Rita Macedo appears as "Lucía de Nobile". She was not able to complete the film due to her pregnancy.
The scene where a bear and two sheep appear during the dinner party was based on a real incident at a dinner party that Buñuel once attended in New York.
The title was taken from a friend of Buñuel, José Bergamin, who was writing a play with that title but never finished it. When Buñuel wanted to title his film, he asked for the rights of the title from his friend, but he answered that there was no trouble, because it was taken from the Bible, the Book of Revelations.
Luis Buñuel has publicly stated that he considers the film a failure and that if he shot it later in Paris, he would have gone more extreme with it (cannibalism).
In his autobiography Luis Buñuel claims he was asked by Warner Brothers to work on a story that eventually was filmed as The Beast with Five Fingers. "The Exterminating Angel" contains many of the elements of the earlier film including the large mansion, piano recital, and stabbing of a disembodied hand.