The first stock footage of the aircraft carrier is the USS Antietam, CV-36. The operations clip is of the CV34 USS Oriskany the first US carrier with an angled deck. The take off scene was from the deck of the USS Philippine Sea CV47.
The footage showing the Eskimos fleeing from the mantis is actually from S.O.S. Eisberg (1933).
During the movie, the Air Force sends out a message to members of the Civilian Observation Corps asking for help in spotting the mantis. This was a real group that existed at least since World War Two. It was comprised of regular citizens who received basic training in spotting and identifying aircraft.