Red asks for a "mashie-niblick," an old style golf club which was the equivalent in use to the modern 7-iron. "Mashie" is derived from the French word "massue" (club), while "niblick" is diminutive of neb/nib, or "little nose."
From Red's appearance (ukulele, racoon coat), to the songs (Freddie the Freshman), to the sayings (23 Skidoo), Red and Foghorn likely attended Chicken Tech during the Roaring 20's.
When Foggy sticks a shotgun through the camera, Red says, "Double lenses! Stereopticon, no doubt!" A stereopticon is a slide projector or relatively powerful "magic lantern", which has two lenses, usually one above the other, and is mainly used to project photographic images. They date back to the mid-19th century and were a popular form of entertainment and education before the advent of moving pictures.
Foghorn's friend, Rhode Island Red, is an actual breed of chicken. The Rhode Island Red is an American breed of domestic chicken. It was developed in Rhode Island and in Massachusetts in the late nineteenth century, by cross-breeding birds of Oriental origin such as the Malay with brown Leghorn birds from Italy.
Foghorn sends a fake telegram to Red, supposedly from "A. Shyster, Lawyer". The word shyster is a pejorative slang term for someone who acts in a disreputable, unethical, or unscrupulous way, especially in the practice of law and politics.