The Last Command (1928)

Director:

Josef von Sternberg

Writers:

Lajos Biró (story)
John F. Goodrich (writer)
(more)

Release Date:

24 September 1928 (Finland)

Genre:

Drama | History | Romance | War

Tagline:

EMIL JANNINGS -- World's finest dramatic actor in a brilliant successor to "The Way of all Flesh" -- and "Variety." You'll be amazed with Janning's tremendous role of the mighty general!...with men...women...a whole nation at his feet! Through flaming love...adoration...hate! To...! The most terrific climax the screen has ever known!

Plot:

A former Imperial Russian general and cousin of the Czar ends up in Hollywood as an extra in a movie directed by a former revolutionary.

Plot Keywords:

Hollywood | Bolshevik | Russian Revolution | Train Wreck | Whip

Awards:

Won Oscar. Another 1 win & 1 nomination

Cast

Emil Jannings	...	Gen. Dolgorucki / Grand Duke Sergius Alexander
Evelyn Brent	...	Natalie Dabrova
William Powell	...	Lev Andreyev
Jack Raymond	...	Assistant director
Nicholas Soussanin	...	The adjutant
Michael Visaroff	...	Serge (the valet)
Fritz Feld	...	A revolutionist
rest of cast listed alphabetically:
Harry Cording	...	Revolutionist (uncredited)
Shep Houghton	...	Russian Youth (uncredited)
Alexander Ikonnikov	...	Drillmaster (uncredited)
Nicholas Kobliansky	...	Drillmaster (uncredited)
Guy Oliver	...	Wardrobe Attendant (uncredited)
Viatseslav Savitsky	...	A Private (uncredited)
Harry Semels	...	A Soldier (uncredited)

Directed by
Josef von Sternberg

Writing credits (in alphabetical order)
Lajos Biró		story
John F. Goodrich		writer
Herman J. Mankiewicz		titles
Josef von Sternberg		story

Produced by
Jesse L. Lasky	....	producer
B.P. Schulberg	....	associate producer
B.P. Schulberg	....	executive producer
Adolph Zukor	....	producer

Original Music by
Robert Israel		(2010 Composer New Score)

Cinematography by
Bert Glennon

Film Editing by
William Shea

Art Direction by
Hans Dreier

Camera and Electrical Department
William H. Clothier	....	assistant camera

Costume and Wardrobe Department
Travis Banton	....	wardrobe

Other crew
J.G. Bachmann	....	supervisor
Nicholas Kobliansky	....	historical consultant

Production Companies

• Paramount Pictures

Distributors

• Paramount Pictures (1928) (USA) (theatrical)
• Paramount Home Video (1998) (USA) (VHS)
• Criterion Collection, The (2010) (USA) (DVD) (Included in "J3 Silent Classics by Josef von Sternberg:)
• Epoca (????) (Argentina) (VHS)

Also Known As:

Runtime:

88 min | Portugal:104 min (20 fps)

Country:

USA

Language:

English

Color:

Black and White

Aspect Ratio:

1.33 : 1

Sound Mix:

Silent

Certification:

Argentina:13 | USA:Not Rated

Filming Locations:

Paramount Studios - 5555 Melrose Avenue, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, USA

Company:

Paramount Pictures

Trivia:

Based on the life of General Lodijensky, a former general in the Russian army of Czar Nicholas, who fled Russia after the 1917 Communist revolution and wound up in Hollywood, where he worked for a while as a movie extra.

Quotes:

Gen. Dolgorucki:Why are you not in uniform?
Lev Andreyev:My lungs are weak.
Gen. Dolgorucki:Perhaps it is your courage that is weak.
Lev Andreyev:It doesn't require courage to send others to battle and death.
[the angry Duke uses his crop to whip Andreyev across the face]

Movie Connections:

Featured in "Maltin on Movies: Flipped (#1.4)" (2010)

The looking glass, darkly

This is one of the most richly woven tapestries I have discovered on film about film, acting about acting, fictions about fictions. The extra allure here is that it comes to us from the last minutes of the first hours of cinema, at the cusp of silent and sound filmmaking and so just as cinema - then pioneering elaborate theories about the eye animating the world, and so the eye as soul - was about to revert back to the simple machinations of theater. It would re-emerge from these notions in the time of the New Wave; this is New Wave of thirty years before.

The story is so interesting in itself, you should know a rough outline; it is about an exiled Russian general who winds up in a Hollywood set as a movie extra playing a Russian general. The framing story is a flashback to his days in Russia, the old Russia about to be torn aside by revolution, and then we have contemporary time as he struggles to re-enact the events for the camera.

The story within a story that emerges is connected by the most astonishing panorama of people acting roles. So we have within the flashback, which takes up most of the film; the general acting autocratic from the power of a uniform; troops acting in front of the Czar who inspects them; the revolutionary girl acting coy and in love; then, while truly in love - this is a plot point you will just have to swallow -, acting like a revolutionary; finally the general acting out his part in the cataclysmic turn of events.

There is more, once we reach out of the film; so we have a European actor coming to America to act in a film about the same, the only surviving film from his time in America; acting again a part he had played in The Last Laugh some years before. As in Murnau's film it is the uniform, and so the ceremonial attire, there a hotel porter's uniform, that permits a performance that validates living. And once painfully stripped of it, there is only naked soul.

This is all very potent stuff to see, but it wouldn't be the same without the powerful ending. The general assumes his position on set as himself, and as cameras roll out their re-enactment of a forlorn trench, he becomes completely submerged in the hallucination, memory, essentially the internal narrative running in the mind, of the original events. So we have a third layer here, the set as the mind and now the eye, the camera, looking inwards!

It is not just the staged replication of reality, itself a staged replication we have seen just before from our position as viewers, but the fact that this staged replication and fiery performance is only possible because of the memory of the first. The motion rippling across the layers is so seductive we may overlook how this ripple is a full cycle.

The one narrative is finally complete in the others, the cycle only possible with this alignment, and so this poignantly reveals both the creative and destructive aspects of art. The various threads and boundaries blurred, are now clear again through an osmosis of the soul. On one side we have the act of a powerful creation; on the other, bitter end, a broken man consumed in the fire of that act.

Sternberg knew what he was doing. Everything here dazzles with artifice, scale of descent, camera magic. The transition inside the flashback and back from it happens through a mirror, the looking glass of fictions that crystallizes illusion. This is the full cycle then; the ending somberly unmasks truth in illusion, heart in mind.

See, if you can find it, from the same year The Life and Death of 9413, a Hollywood Extra, about an anonymous, disposable actor caught in the wheels of the dream factory. I will follow the thread to The Blue Angel.