Member of the Dutch House of Representatives from September 16th, 1982 to May 8th, 1990, May 19th, 1998 to August 3rd, 1998 and May 23rd, 2002 to April 1st, 2004 for the VVD (People's Party for Freedom and Democracy).
Member of the Dutch senate as of June 7th, 2011 for the VVD (People's Party for Freedom and Democracy).